This publication presents a socioeconomic and fiscal characterization of coal-producing municipalities in Colombia in relation to the challenges of a Just Energy Transition. Based on an analysis of 97 mining municipalities, the report identifies vulnerabilities associated with fiscal dependence, structural poverty, low investment in fixed assets, and limited territorial capacity to respond to scenarios involving

This publication presents a diagnosis of the transition of heavy-duty freight and passenger vehicles in Colombia, with an emphasis on their energy, environmental, regulatory, social, and economic impacts. The document analyzes the high fossil fuel consumption of the HDV fleet, its share in land transport emissions, and the barriers to advancing toward zero- and low-emission

This publication presents a technical roadmap to transform Colombia’s electricity system toward a more reliable, clean, and lower-cost matrix. Using advanced modeling tools, the study analyzes scenarios for system expansion and operation with a high share of renewable energy, assessing costs, reliability, dynamic stability, fossil fuel consumption, emissions, and tariff impacts. The document concludes that

This publication presents public policy recommendations to accelerate the electrification of two- and three-wheeled vehicles in Colombia, with an emphasis on their energy, environmental, economic, and social impacts. The document analyzes the growth of this segment in the vehicle fleet, its fossil fuel consumption, and the opportunities for decarbonization through electric mobility and charging infrastructure

This publication analyzes the legal and regulatory feasibility of modifying Colombia’s reliability charge scheme within the framework of a just energy transition for coal-fired power plants. The document reviews key legal issues, such as the interpretation of technological neutrality, the risk scheme of the electricity sector, and limits to free competition when public interest objectives

This publication analyzes financial mechanisms available in Colombia to support the reconversion of coal-fired power plants toward non-conventional renewable energy sources and decarbonized technologies. The document characterizes the companies that own coal-fired power plants, reviews public, private, and blended financing instruments, and assesses their benefits, risks, and control mechanisms. It also offers public policy recommendations